IL-13 exerts its anti-angiogenic function via activation of protein kinase C (PKC) / II and ERK-1/2, with concomitant down-regulation of the NF-B/p65 pathway (90), and it also can reduce the death of chondrocytes to protect the cartilage from destruction probably because of the reduction of Fc gamma receptor I (FcRI) (91)
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[4] [5] Some patients report temporary digestive changes following injections, though the exact mechanism for this is not well established
WADA status: As of the 2026 WADA Prohibited List, BPC-157 is classified under S0: Non-Approved Substances, prohibited in-competition and out-of-competition at all times
